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Distribution of Arsenic and Other Minerals in Rice Plants Affected by Natural Straighthead

USDA-ARS, Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Stuttgart, AR 72160

View larger version (14K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Examples of panicles from three rice lines (A) OL 5, (B) Indica 11, (C) Indica 12. The top panicle in each composite picture is from the nonstraighthead plot. The bottom row of panicles provides examples of the range of straighthead symptoms from most affected to least affected (left to right).

View larger version (16K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. The effect of N on the severity of straighthead symptoms in rice. Ratings are from one (no or very little damage) to nine (severe damage). Plots were prepared for a yield test with urea applied at three different rates. Values are averages of ratings from four plots and the error bars represent standard deviations. No visible bars indicates a standard deviation of zero.

View larger version (23K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Levels of minerals in soil immediately around plants exhibiting straighthead, relative to soil around plants not exhibiting straighthead. A value of one (line) indicates no difference in the amount of that mineral between the two soils. An asterisk indicates a mineral for which the data for the straighthead soil is significantly (P < 0.1) different than the nonstraighthead soil.

View larger version (26K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Levels of minerals in stems of plants exhibiting straighthead relative to stems of plants not exhibiting straighthead. A value of one (line) indicates no difference in the amount of that mineral between the two sets of stems. An asterisk indicates a mineral for which the data for the straighthead plants is significantly (P < 0.1) different than the nonstraighthead plants.

View larger version (13K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Relative levels for selected minerals in the stem nodes for straighthead and nonstraighthead plants. The relative levels are graphed as a function of the position of that node on the stem, with node 1 being the node between the root and stem. A value of one (line) indicates no difference in the amount of that mineral between the two nodes.

View larger version (16K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Relative levels for selected minerals in the stem internodes for straighthead and nonstraighthead plants. The relative levels are graphed as a function of the position of that internode on the stem, with internode 1 being the closest to the roots and P being the panicle stem (including the rachis, branches, and pedicels). A value of one (line) indicates no difference in the amount of that mineral between the two internodes.

View larger version (27K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Levels of minerals in leaves of plants exhibiting straighthead relative to leaves of plants not exhibiting straighthead. A value of one (line) indicates no difference in the amount of that mineral between the leaves. An asterisk indicates a mineral for which the data for the straighthead plants is significantly (P < 0.1) different than the nonstraighthead plants.

View larger version (21K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Levels of minerals in whole seeds of plants exhibiting straighthead relative to seeds of plants not exhibiting straighthead. A value of one (line) indicates no difference in the amount of that mineral between the seeds. An asterisk indicates a mineral for which the data for the straighthead plants is significantly (P < 0.1) different than the nonstraighthead plants.

View larger version (22K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 9. Relative levels for selected minerals in the hulls and brown rice from seeds of straighthead and nonstraighthead plants. A value of one (line) indicates no difference in the relative level. An asterisk indicates a mineral for which the data for the straighthead plants is significantly (P < 0.1) different than the nonstraighthead plants.

View larger version (22K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 10. Levels of minerals in the roots of plants exhibiting straighthead relative to the roots of plants not exhibiting straighthead. A value of one (line) indicates no difference between the roots in the amount of that mineral. An asterisk indicates a mineral for which the data for the straighthead plants is significantly (P < 0.1) different than the nonstraighthead plants.