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Ecophysiological Yield Components of Maize Hybrids with Contrasting Maturity

Unidad Integrada INTA Balcarce, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNMP, CC 276, 7620 Balcarce, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina

View larger version (30K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Duration of the emergence–flowering and flowering–physiological maturity periods for 11 maize hybrids and 2 yr of experimentation, expressed as growing degree days. SE were 4.4 and 3.1°Cd from emergence–flowering and 26 and 29°Cd from emergence–physiological maturity,for the first and second growing seasons, respectively. Growing degree days were calculated as the sum of daily average temperatures above 8°C.

View larger version (21K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Cumulative dry matter (A) from emergence to flowering and (B) from flowering to maturity as a function of the duration of their respective growing periods in degree days. Data from 11 maize hybrids cultivated in 2000–2001 (closed symbols) and 2001–2002 (open symbols) growing seasons. Lines show the linear regression of pooled data in A, and the regression for each season in B. SE were 38.5 and 32.9 g m–2 for cumulative dry matter from emergence to flowering, and 92 and 105 g m–2 for cumulative dry matter from flowering to physiological maturity, for the first and second growing seasons, respectively. Data from DK 615 second season (y = 1804, x = 706) not included in B. Growing degree days were calculated as the sum of daily average temperatures above 8°C.

View larger version (20K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Cumulative intercepted PAR from 15 d before to 15 d after flowering as a function of hybrid maturity expressed as growing degree days from emergence to flowering. Data from 11 maize hybrids cultivated in 2000–2001 (closed symbols) and 2001–2002 (open symbols) growing seasons. Line shows the linear regression for the pooled data. Growing degree days were calculated as the sum of daily average temperatures above 8°C.

View larger version (19K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Radiation use efficiency from flowering to maturity as a function of hybrid cycle length expressed as growing degree days from emergence to physiological maturity. Data from 11 maize hybrids cultivated in 2000–2001 (closed symbols) and 2001–2002 (open symbols) growing seasons. Line shows the linear regression for the 2001–2002 growing season. Growing degree days were calculated as the sum of daily average temperatures above 8°C.

View larger version (17K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 5. (A) Cumulative dry matter from emergence to physiological maturity, (B) yield, and (C) harvest index as a function of the hybrid cycle length expressed as growing degree days from emergence to physiological maturity. Data from 11 maize hybrids cultivated in 2000–2001 (closed symbols) and 2001–2002 (open symbols) growing seasons. Lines show the quadratic regressions for each growing season in A and B and for the pooled data in C. SE were 80 and 81 g m–2 for cumulative dry matter, 33.8 and 20.3 g m–2 for grain yield, 0.008 and 0.006 for harvest index, for the first and second growing seasons, respectively. Growing degree days were calculated as the sum of daily average temperatures above 8°C.

View larger version (26K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Sink–source relationship as a function of hybrid maturity class expressed as growing degree days from emergence to physiological maturity. Data from 11 maize hybrids cultivated in 2000–2001 (closed symbols) and 2001–2002 (open symbols) growing seasons. Lines show the linear regressions. SE for the sink/source ratio were 0.14 and 0.12 for the first and second growing seasons, respectively. Growing degree days were calculated as the sum of daily average temperatures above 8°C.

View larger version (20K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Apparent remobilization as a function of hybrid maturity class expressed as growing degree days from emergence to physiological maturity. Data from 11 maize hybrids cultivated in 2000–2001 (closed symbols) and 2001–2002 (open symbols) growing seasons. Line shows the linear regression for the pooled data. SE for apparent remobilization was 0.06 for both growing seasons. Growing degree days were calculated as the sum of daily average temperatures above 8°C.