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Effect of Crowding Stress on Dry Matter Accumulation and Harvest Index in Maize

Department of Plant Agriculture, Crop Science Building, Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1

View larger version (48K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Plant spacing and emergence treatments are composed of repeatable sequences and each sequence unit consists of six maize plants: C, plant-emergence control; 2L, two-leaf emergence delay for plant in Position 3; 4L, four-leaf emergence delay for plant in Position 3; 20, plants spaced uniformly at 20-cm intervals (plant-spacing control); 40, 40-cm gap between plants in Positions 2 and Position 4, and double plants at Position 4; 60, 60-cm gap between plants in Position 2 and Position 5, and triple plants at Position 5. Plant positions from Position 1 to Position 6 are indicated under diagram (adapted from Liu et al., 2004a).

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Relationships between harvest index and dry matter at maturity for plants in Position 3 (cf., Fig. 1).

View larger version (32K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Relationships between (a) harvest index and plant growth rate during a critical period for kernel set bracketed by silking (PGRS) and (b) kernel number and plant dry matter before silking for plants with PGRS equal to threshold for kernel set ±0.5 g plant–1 d–1 for four Argentinean maize hybrids. Equation harvest index (HI) = a + bx PGRS, if PGRS > PGRS threshold for kernel number was fitted to the relationship between HI and PGRS and R2 of the fitted equations ranked from 0.42 to 0.56 (Fig. 3a). Closed symbols represent plants with PGRS equal to threshold for kernel set ±0.5 g plant–1 d–1.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Relationship between harvest index (HI) of plants in Position 3 and total plant dry weight (DM) at 2 wk postsilking for plots of the two-leaf delayed and four-leaf delayed treatments at two locations and 2 yr.