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Optimizing Seeding Rates for Winter Cereal Grains and Frost-Seeded Red Clover Intercrops

^a Dep. of Agronomy, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011
^b USDA-ARS National Soil Tilth Lab., Ames, IA 50011

View larger version (40K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Climatic conditions for 1 Oct. 2002 to 30 Sept. 2003 and 1 Oct. 2003 to 30 Sept. 2004 near Ames, IA. Daily air temperature and precipitation were recorded at the NWS Ames 8SW weather station located 1.5 km from the experimental site.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Mean cereal grain seeding rate light transmittance through a winter cereal grain canopy to the top of a red clover intercrop canopy grown near Ames, IA. Means are averaged across cereal grain species. GDD = {[(daily max. temp. + daily min. temp.)/2] – base temp.} > 0 with base temperature = 0°C.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Mean cereal grain species light transmittance through a winter cereal grain canopy to the top of a red clover intercrop canopy grown near Ames, IA. Means are averaged across cereal grain seeding rates of 100, 200, 300, and 400 seeds m–2. GDD = {[(daily max. temp. + daily min. temp.)/2] – base temp.} > 0 with base temperature = 0°C.

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Mean volumetric soil water content for cereal grain seeding rates at different thermal times in the 2004 growing season near Ames, IA. Vertical bars represent standard errors. GDD = {[(daily max. temp. + daily min. temp.)/2] – base temp.} > 0 with base temperature = 0°C.