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Modeling the Response of Fatty Acid Composition to Temperature in a Traditional Sunflower Hybrid

^a Unidad Integrada Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias (UNMdP), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria INTA Balcarce, CC.C. 276, 7620 Balcarce, Argentina, and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET, Argentina)
^b Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Av. Valparaiso s/n. Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Distribution of r2 for linear-plus-plateau relationships between oleic acid concentration and night minimum temperature during (a) the 100 to 300 degree-days after flowering (ddaf) period, (b) flowering to 400 ddaf, and (c) flowering to physiological maturity. Adjustments were done for 100 random samplings with replacement from the original data pool.

View larger version (12K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Oleic acid concentration as a function of night minimum temperature during the 100 to 300 degree-days after flowering period. Adjusted function is: oleic acid (%) = –23.1 + 3.4x for x < 22.6 and 54.2% for x 22.6, n = 34, r2 = 0.84.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Relationship between oleic acid and (a) linoleic acid, (b) palmitic acid, and (c) stearic acid concentrations in sunflower grain oil. The dotted line represents the function y = 100 – x.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Fatty acid composition estimated by the model for plants grown at different night temperatures.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Observed vs. estimated data for (a) oleic acid concentration and (b) linoleic acid concentration for the traditional hybrid DK 3881. Oleic and linoleic acid concentrations were calculated based on the function presented in Fig. 2 and 3a, respectively. Observed values correspond to Exp. GC6 (circles) and FB7 and FP1 (triangles). Dotted lines represent y = x and solid lines show the linear regression between observed and estimated values.

View larger version (38K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Observed vs. estimated data for oleic acid and linoleic acid concentrations for the traditional hybrids (a and b) ACA 885, (c and d) DK 3915, and (e and f) VDH 488. Estimated values for a, c, and e were calculated based on the function presented in Fig. 2 and for b, d, and f based on functions shown in Fig. 3a. Dotted lines represent y = x and solid lines show the linear regression between observed and estimated values.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Oleic acid concentration as a function of the date when the 100 to 300 degree-days after flowering period began at four locations where sunflower is cultivated in Argentina (see Table 2 for further information). Data from P.R.S. Peña were not continued after 22 January because sunflower is not cultivated beyond that date. Horizontal bars indicate the period during which grain filling typically occurs at each location. Oleic acid concentration was estimated using the function from Fig. 2.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Oleic acid concentration as a function of the date when the 100 to 300 degree-days after flowering period began at Balcarce and P.R.S. Peña for a cold year, a warm year, and the average for the 1980 to 1999 period. Oleic acid concentration was estimated using the function from Fig. 2.