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Forage Mixture Productivity and Botanical Composition in Pastures Grazed by Dairy Cattle

^a USDA-ARS, Pasture Syst. and Watershed Management Res. Unit, Bldg. 3702, Curtin Rd., University Park, PA, 16802-3702 USA
^b Dep. of Dairy and Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA, 16802 USA

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Herbage yields of pastures planted to four different mixtures of forages and grazed during 2002 and 2003 at University Park, PA. Species sown were two species (orchardgrass–white clover), three species (orchardgrass, white clover, and chicory), six species (orchardgrass, tall fescue, perennial ryegrass, red clover, birdsfoot trefoil, and chicory), and nine species (the six-species mixture plus white clover, alfalfa, and Kentucky bluegrass). Data are totals for the grazing seasons averaged for two replicate pastures. In 2002, herbage yield was lower (P < 0.05) on the two-species mixture compared with the three-, six-, and nine-species mixtures. Herbage yield did not differ (P > 0.05) among the three-, six-, or nine-species mixtures. In 2003, the mixtures did not differ (P > 0.05) in herbage yield.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Proportion of nonsown grass and broadleaf species during 2002 to 2004 of pastures planted to four different mixtures of forages at University Park, PA. Species sown were two species (orchardgrass–white clover), three species (orchardgrass, white clover, and chicory), six species (orchardgrass, tall fescue, perennial ryegrass, red clover, birdsfoot trefoil, and chicory), and nine species (the six-species mixture plus white clover, alfalfa, and Kentucky bluegrass).

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Forage species composition during 2002 to 2004 of pastures planted to four different mixtures of forages at University Park, PA. Species sown were two species (orchardgrass–white clover), three species (orchardgrass, white clover, and chicory), six species (orchardgrass, tall fescue, perennial ryegrass, red clover, birdsfoot trefoil, and chicory), and nine species (the six-species mixture plus white clover, alfalfa, and Kentucky bluegrass).