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Efficient Water Use in Dryland Cropping Systems in the Great Plains

^a USDA-ARS, Cent. Great Plains Res. Stn., 40335 County Rd. GG, Akron, CO 80720
^b Retired, USDA-ARS, Conserv. and Prod. Res. Lab., P.O. Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012
^c Dep. of Land Resour. and Environ. Sci., Montana State Univ., P.O. Box 173120, Bozeman, MT 59717-3120

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Increase in precipitation storage efficiency with reduction in tillage intensity (top) and increase in surface wheat residue mass (bottom). Data from Smika and Wicks (1968), Tanaka and Aase (1987), Unger and Wiese (1979), and Greb et al. (1967).

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Reduction in runoff with increase in surface wheat residue mass at Lincoln, NE [top, data from Russel (1939)] and increase in infiltration with increase in surface wheat residue mass at Lubbock, TX [bottom, data from Baumhardt and Lascano (1996)].

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Increase in overwinter soil water with increase in silhouette area index of sunflower stalks at Akron, CO. Data from Nielsen (1998).

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Changes in water use efficiency due to crop and tillage system at Garden City, KS. CT = conventional tillage; NT = no-tillage. Data from Norwood (1999).

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Changes in water use efficiency due to tillage system at Akron, CO. Data from Nielsen (unpublished data, 2003). See Table 1 for a definition of cropping system abbreviations.

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Water use efficiency of different crop types grown at Akron, CO. Data from Nielsen (unpublished data, 2003).

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Shift in percentage of total fallow months occurring in three time intervals due to cropping system intensification. Data from Farahani et al. (1998). White = first summer fallow period, gray = fall–winter–spring period, and black = second summer fallow period. See Table 1 for a definition of cropping system abbreviations.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Precipitation storage efficiency (PSE) in three time intervals in the fallow period of a wheat–fallow system in northeastern Colorado. Data from Farahani et al. (1998).

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9. Precipitation use efficiency (PUE, mass basis) for various cropping systems that include a fallow period at Akron, CO. Cropping system abbreviations are defined in Table 1. Data from Nielsen (unpublished data, 2003).

View larger version (32K): [in a new window]   Fig. 10. Precipitation use efficiency (PUE, mass basis) for various continuous cropping systems at Akron, CO. Cropping system abbreviations are defined in Table 1. Data from Nielsen (unpublished data, 2003).

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 11. Precipitation use efficiency (PUE, value basis) for various cropping systems that include a fallow period at Akron, CO. Cropping system abbreviations are defined in Table 1. Data from Nielsen (unpublished data, 2003).

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Fig. 12. Precipitation use efficiency (PUE, value basis) for various continuous cropping systems at Akron, CO. Cropping system abbreviations are defined in Table 1. Data from Nielsen (unpublished data, 2003).

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Fig. 13. Precipitation use efficiency (PUE, mass basis) for various continuous cropping systems at Swift Current, SK. Cropping system abbreviations are defined in Table 1. Data from Miller et al. (2003a)(2003b) and Gan et al. (2003).

View larger version (30K): [in a new window]   Fig. 14. Precipitation use efficiency (PUE, value basis) for various continuous cropping systems at Swift Current, SK. Cropping system abbreviations are defined in Table 1. Data from Miller et al. (2003a)(2003b) and Gan et al. (2003).

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 15. Precipitation use efficiency (PUE, mass basis) for various continuous cropping systems at Bushland, TX. Cropping system abbreviations are defined in Table 1. Data from Unger (2001).

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 16. Precipitation use efficiency (PUE, value basis) for various continuous cropping systems at Bushland, TX. Cropping system abbreviations are defined in Table 1. Data from Unger (2001).