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Testing and Improving Evapotranspiration and Soil Water Balance of the DSSAT Crop Models

Federico Saua,*, Kenneth J. Booteb, W. McNair Bostickc, James W. Jonesc and M. Inés Mínguezd

a Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario, 27002 Lugo, Spain
b Dep. of Agron., Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
c Dep. of Agric. and Biol. Eng., Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
d Departamento de Producción Vegetal: Fitotecnia, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, Technical Univ. of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain








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Fig. 1. Observed (points) and simulated (lines) dynamics of the soil water content (SWC) of the different soil layers during Exp. 1 rainfed season, using CROPGRO-faba bean and four evapotranspiration options: PT (1), Priestley–Taylor (Priestley and Taylor, 1972); P-FAO24 (2), modified Penman (Doorenbos and Pruitt, 1974); PM-REF-.5 (10), Penman–Monteith for the reference crop (Allen et al., 1998) with an extinction coefficient of 0.5; and PM-D-ST -.5 (14), Penman–Monteith dynamic with the bulk surface resistance calculated from leaf area index and aerodynamic resistance of the canopy calculated according to Steiner et al. (1991) and an extinction coefficient of 0.5.

 







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Fig. 2. Observed (points) and simulated (lines) dynamics of the soil water content (SWC) of the different soil layers during Exp. 2 rainfed season, using CROPGRO-faba bean and four evapotranspiration options: PT (1), Priestley–Taylor (Priestley and Taylor, 1972); P-FAO24 (2), modified Penman (Doorenbos and Pruitt, 1974); PM-REF-.5 (10), Penman–Monteith for the reference crop (Allen et al., 1998) with an extinction coefficient of 0.5; and PM-D-ST -.5 (14), Penman–Monteith dynamic with the bulk surface resistance calculated from leaf area index and aerodynamic resistance of the canopy calculated according to Steiner et al. (1991) and an extinction coefficient of 0.5.

 


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Fig. 3. Observed (points) and simulated (lines) dynamics of leaf area index (LAI) using CROPGRO-faba bean and four evapotranspiration options: PT (1), Priestley and Taylor (1972); P-FAO24 (2), modified Penman (Doorenbos and Pruitt, 1975); PM-REF-.5 (10), Penman–Monteith for the reference crop (Allen et al., 1998) with an extinction coefficient of 0.5.; and PM-D-ST-.5 (14), Penman–Monteith dynamic with the bulk surface resistance calculated from LAI and aerodynamic resistance of the canopy calculated according to Steiner et al. (1991) and an extinction coefficient of 0.5.

 


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Fig. 4. Observed (points) and simulated (lines) dynamics of cumulative evapotranspiration of the crop (ET) in Exp. 1 and 2, beginning after the first neutron probe measurement [day of year (DOY) 40 in Exp. 1 and 42 DOY in Exp. 2], using CROPGRO-faba bean and four evapotranspiration options: PT (1), Priestley and Taylor (1972); P-FAO24 (2), modified Penman (Doorenbos and Pruitt, 1975); PM-REF-.5 (10), Penman–Monteith for the reference crop (Allen et al., 1998) with an extinction coefficient of 0.5.; and PM-D-ST-.5 (14), Penman–Monteith dynamic with the bulk surface resistance calculated from leaf area index and aerodynamic resistance of the canopy calculated according to Steiner et al. (1991) and an extinction coefficient of 0.5.

 


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Fig. 5. Observed (points) and simulated (lines) dynamics of total aboveground biomass in rainfed crops of Exp. 1 and 2, using CROPGRO-faba bean and four evapotranspiration options: PT (1), Priestley and Taylor (1972); P-FAO24 (2), modified Penman (Doorenbos and Pruitt, 1975); PM-REF-.5 (10), Penman–Monteith for the reference crop (Allen et al., 1998) with an extinction coefficient of 0.5; and PM-D-ST-.5 (14), Penman–Monteith dynamic with the bulk surface resistance calculated from leaf area index and aerodynamic resistance of the canopy calculated according to Steiner et al. (1991) and an extinction coefficient of 0.5.

 


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Fig. 6. Observed (points) and simulated (lines) dynamics of total aboveground biomass in rainfed crops of soybean at Castana, IA, in 1979, and Ames, IA, in 1988, using CROPGRO-soybean and four evapotranspiration options: PT (1), Priestley and Taylor (1972); P-FAO24 (2), modified Penman (Doorenbos and Pruitt, 1975); PM-REF-.5 (10), Penman–Monteith for the reference crop (Allen et al., 1998) with an extinction coefficient of 0.5; and PM-D-ST-.5 (14), Penman–Monteith dynamic with the bulk surface resistance calculated from leaf area index and aerodynamic resistance of the canopy calculated according to Steiner et al. (1991) and an extinction coefficient of 0.5.

 





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