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Hourly and Daytime Evapotranspiration from Grassland Using Radiometric Surface Temperatures

Ayman Suleiman*,a and Richard Cragob

a Cent. for Atmos. Sci., Hampton Univ., Hampton, VA 23668
b Dep. of Civil and Environ. Eng., Bucknell Univ., Lewisburg, PA 17837



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  		Fig. 1. Latent heat flux (E), sensible heat flux (H), and Bowen ratio (BR) plotted against: (a) surface temperature (Ts) minus air temperature (Ta) and (b) dimensionless temperature ({Delta}T). Rn, net radiation (less the ground heat flux); Tmax, the value of Ts in Eq. [2] that gives H = Rn and E = 0.

 


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  		Fig. 2. Measured (Em) and estimated (Ee) hourly evapotranspiration for (a) 1997 Southern Great Plains (SGP-97) experiment and (b) 1997 Cooperative Atmosphere–Surface Exchange Study (CASES-97).

 


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  		Fig. 3. Progression of evaporative fraction (EF) for a typical day (day of year 119) from 1997 Cooperative Atmosphere–Surface Exchange Study (CASES-97).

 


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  		Fig. 4. Daytime cumulative evapotranspiration (E) at Southern Great Plains in 1997 (SGP-97) found by various methods: (i) measured, Em; (ii) measured net radiation (Rn) multiplied by midday measured evaporative fraction (EF), Em11.45; (iii) estimated from Eq. [2], [3], and [5] for each hour during the daytime, Ee; and (iv) estimated from measured Rn multiplied by midday estimated EF from Eq. [6], Ee11.45 at (a) SGP-97 and (b) Cooperative Atmosphere–Surface Exchange Study of 1997 (CASES-97).

 


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  		Fig. 5. Daytime evapotranspiration estimated from measured net radiation (Rn) multiplied by midday estimated evaporative fraction (EF) from Eq. [6] (Ee11.45) compared with measured values (Em) at (a) Southern Great Plains in 1997 (SGP-97) and (b) Cooperative Atmosphere–Surface Exchange Study of 1997 (CASES-97).

 




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