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Drought Avoidance Assessment for Summer Annual Crops Using Long-Term Weather Data

^a Univ. of Arkansas, Dep. of Crop, Soil, and Environ. Sci., 1366 W. Altheimer Drive, Fayetteville, AR 72704
^b USDA-ARS, Univ. of Florida, Agron. Physiol. and Genet. Lab., IFAS Bldg. no. 350, 2005 SW 23rd St., P.O. Box 110965, Gainesville, FL 32611-0965
^c Agric. Stat. Lab., Agriculture Annex 101, Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Cumulative probability (P) of (A) minimum temperature (Tmin) being less than indicated values on day of year (DOY) 75, 100, 125, and 125 at Urbana, IL, and (B) Tmin being less than 0°C and 5°C for each DOY at Urbana, IL.

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Cumulative probability (P) of 7-d running sum of water deficit being greater than 50 mm vs. day of year (DOY) for Athens, GA, and Fayetteville, AR. Shown is a regression of P values vs. DOY for Athens in the spring. Similar regression equations were made for each location as the P of water deficit increased in spring and decreased later in the year. The regression equations were used to determine the portion of the growing season in which P 0.20 for water deficit exceeded 50 mm.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. (A) Long-term average values of water use efficiency during July and August vs. average maximum daily temperature during July and August and (B) average water use efficiency vs. the difference between maximum ( Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) temperatures for 16 locations in either the Midsouthern, Southeastern, Midwestern, or Northern Great Plains regions of the United States.

View larger version (32K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Average water use efficiency vs. day of year during the growing season for Tifton, GA; Stuttgart, AR; Urbana, IL, and Menno, SD.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Water deficit, averaged over 98 yr for each day of year at Urbana, IL, was calculated as the difference between precipitation and potential evapotranspiration using running sums for 7, 15, 21, and 27 d.