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Limestone, Gypsum, and Magnesium Oxide Influence Restoration of an Abandoned Appalachian Pasture

USDA-ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst. Res. Cent., 1224 Airport Rd., Beaver, WV 25813-9423

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Prevalence of tall fescue and orchardgrass during establishment (Phase I) and production (Phase II) as a function of total CaCO3 equivalency (TCE) of amendments surface-applied to an abandoned Appalachian pasture. Coefficient-of-determination significance of P < 0.01 indicated by **.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Soil Ca (0–15 cm) during establishment (Phase I) and production (Phase II) of tall fescue and orchardgrass forage as affected by total amount of Ca added to a Typic Hapludults soil in southern West Virginia. Coefficient-of-determination significance of P < 0.001 indicated by ***.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Mean Phase I and Phase II soil pH in 0.01 M CaCl2 (pHs) as affected by total CaCO3 equivalency (TCE) of amendments surface-applied to a Typic Hapludults in southern West Virginia. Treatment G0L received limestone, and treatment G1L received limestone and 1000 kg/ha by-product gypsum. Coefficient-of-determination significance of P < 0.001 indicated by ***.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Extractable soil Mg as affected by levels of gypsum surface-applied to an abandoned pasture on a Typic Hapludalfs soil during establishment (Phase I) and production (Phase II). Horizontal line indicates the level considered deficient by West Virginia University (van Eck, 1990). Coefficient-of-determination significance of P < 0.05 indicated by *.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Forage Mg concentrations as affected by levels of gypsum surface-applied to an abandoned pasture on a Typic Hapludalfs soil in southern West Virginia. Horizontal line indicates the level considered low by Jones et al. (1991). Coefficient-of-determination significance of P < 0.05 indicated by *.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Forage dry matter yield during establishment (Phase I) and production (Phase II) as a function of extractable soil Al in a Typic Hapludults receiving surface-applied gypsum, limestone, and MgO. Coefficient-of-determination significance of P < 0.05 indicated by *.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Annual forage dry matter yield during establishment (Phase I) and production (Phase II) as a function of level of surface-applied by-product gypsum for treatments receiving 4650 kg/ha dolomitic limestone, and estimated portion of yield attributable to total CaCO3 equivalency (TCE) arising from liming constituents in by-product gypsum. Coefficient-of-determination significance of P < 0.05 indicated by *.