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Maize Yield as Affected by Organic Inputs and Urea in the West African Moist Savanna

^a Tropical Soil Biol. and Fertil. Progr., P.O. Box 30592, Nairobi, Kenya
^b Inst. Natl. des Recherches Agricoles du Bénin, B.P. 884, Cotonou, Benin Republic
^c Cent. Natl. des Recherches Agronomiques, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
^d Inst. of Agric. Res., Zaria, Nigeria
^e Inst. Togolais de Recherche Agronomique, B.P. 1026, Lomé, Togo
^f RCMD, IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria, c/o L.W. Lambourn and Co., 26 Dingwall Rd., Croydon CR9 3EE, UK
^g Lab. of Soil Fertil. and Soil Biol., Faculty of Agric. and Appl. Biol. Sci., K.U. Leuven, Kardinaal Mercierlaan 92, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
^h Inst. for Land and Water Manage., Faculty of Agric. and Appl. Biol. Sci., Vital Decosterstraat 102, 3000 Leuven, Belgium

View larger version (80K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Cumulative rainfall during maize growth in Bouaké, Sékou, Glidji, and Zaria.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Maize stover dry matter accumulation in (a) Bouaké, (b) Sékou, (c) Glidji, and (d) Zaria as affected by the application of urea, organic materials, or the combination of both. The lower and upper error bars are the minimal and maximal standard errors of the difference, respectively. Values in the legend are expressed as kg N ha-1.

View larger version (41K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Maize grain yields in (a) Bouaké, (b) Sékou, (c) Glidji, and (d) Zaria as affected by the application of urea, organic materials, or the combination of both. The left and right error bars are the minimal and maximal standard errors of the difference. SF, INC, and OI are mean surface-applied, incorporated, and organic inputs, respectively. Numerical values for treatments are expressed as kg N ha-1.

View larger version (38K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. The number of barren stands at maize harvest in (a) Bouaké, (b) Sékou, (c) Glidji, and (d) Zaria as affected by the application of urea, organic materials, or the combination of both. Barren indicates no ear or ears with only a few kernels. The left and right error bars are the minimal and maximal standard errors of the difference, respectively. SF, INC, and OI are mean surface-applied, incorporated, and organic inputs, respectively. Numerical values for treatments are expressed as kg N ha-1.