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Temperature Effects on Interspecific Interference among Two Native Wetland Grasses and Tall Fescue

^a Natl. Forage Seed Prod. Res. Cent., USDA-ARS, 3450 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331
^b Dep. of Crop and Soil Sci., Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR 97331

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Average dry mass per seedling of tall fescue, sloughgrass, and tufted hairgrass grown in monoculture at four temperatures. Different letters by bars within temperatures indicate significant differences at P 0.01 according to Fisher's protected LSD test.

View larger version (40K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. The effect of four temperatures on the seedling dry mass per pot of tall fescue, sloughgrass, and tufted hairgrass grown in monoculture and in two-species mixtures at three mixture ratios. The relative crowding coefficient (RCC) for each pair of grasses (kfb, tall fescue with sloughgrass; kbf, sloughgrass with tall fescue; kfd, tall fescue with tufted hairgrass; kdf, tufted hairgrass with tall fescue; kbd, sloughgrass with tufted hairgrass; and kdb, tufted hairgrass with sloughgrass) grown in mixtures is shown. Lines with X indicate the combined species yields. All standard-error bars are smaller than the size of the symbols.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. The effects of four temperatures on interspecific interference among tall fescue, sloughgrass, and tufted hairgrass grown in two-species combinations at three mixture ratios (25:75, 50:50, and 75:25). Data are presented as dry mass per seedling for each species as a percentage of the monoculture yield (equality with the monoculture control is represented by 0%) and each temperature–density condition. Symbol keys indicate the order of the species in the two-species mixture. The TF, SG, and HG indicate tall fescue, sloughgrass, and tufted hairgrass, respectively. Bars indicate the standard error of the mean, and ns indicates the yield is not different from the monoculture seedling mass at P 0.01 according to Fisher's protected LSD test.

View larger version (36K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. The effect of temperature on the dark recovery of photosystem II (PS II) chlorophyll variable fluorescence from leaves of sloughgrass, hairgrass, and tall fescue following illumination at 25°C. Data are presented as fluorescence reappearance ratio (FRR). Each point is the mean of five or more replications. Bars indicate the standard error of the mean. Standard errors of the mean not shown are smaller than the size of the symbol.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Effects of eight temperatures on the Michaelis–Menten constant (km) of glutathione for glutathione reductase (GR) extracted from leaves of tall fescue, sloughgrass, and tall fescue.