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The Use of Allelopathic Legume Cover and Mulch Species for Weed Control in Cropping Systems

^a Departamento de Manejo y Conservación de los Recursos Naturales Tropicales, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (UADY), Km. 15.5, Carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, 97000, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
^b Instituto de Ecología, UNAM, Ciudad Universitaria, AP 70-243, Mexico, 04510, D.F

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1 Total number of weeds in the pots with the different incorporated mulch treatments (2%) during the 6-wk greenhouse experiment (Herbicide at RD) (SD = max. SD = 10) (P < 0.05). (1st wk, velvetbean and herbicide are significantly different; 2nd wk, there are three groups: (a) = velvetbean and jackbean, (ab) = jumbiebean and Control; (b) = Herbicide and wild tamarind; 3rd and 4th wk, there are two groups, (a) = velvetbean, jackbean, and jumbiebean, (b) = Control, Herbicide and wild tamarind; 5th wk velvetbean, jackbean, wild tamarind, and Herbicide are significantly different from Control; 6th wk, Herbicide, wild tamarind, and jackbean are significantly different from Control)

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2 Mean of tomato and weeds biomass in pots with the incorporated mulch treatments (2%) at the end of the greenhouse experiment (SD = max. SD tomato = 33.1, weeds = 65). Different letters mean significant differences between treatments for tomato biomass. Different numbers mean significant differences between treatments for weed biomass

View larger version (32K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3 Mean biomass of weeds from 1994 to 1998 in the plots with the different treatments. Different letters mean significant differences between treatments within years (a,ab,b = 1994; A,B,C = 1995; x,y,z = 1996; a,b,c,d = 1998) p < 0.05

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4 Percent of weed cover in the plots with different mulch and living crop treatments for the 1997 crop cycle. Different letters mean significant differences between treatments

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5 Relative importance values (%) of main weeds in velvetbean-treated plots in 1998 (from left to right: southern sida (Sida acuta Burm. f.), Rhynchosia longiracemosa M. Martens & Galeotti, tall morning glory [Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth], Chenopodium sp., Waltheria americana, Acalypha aff. procumbens, Tridax sp., Elytraria imbricata R. Br., Tridax aff. procumbens, milha [Brachiaria fasciculata (Sw.) R.D. Webster], Ruellia nudiflora

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6 Relative importance values (%) of main weeds in the herbicide treated plots in 1998 (from left to right: lavender-cotton (Sanvitalia procumbens Lam.), Cynodon sp., Neomillspaughia emarginata, Cenchrus insertus, Ruellia nudiflora, southern sida, Elytraria imbricata R. Br. Unknown Asteraceae, bitterweed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.)

View larger version (39K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7 Yield (kg/ha) of corn from 1994 to 1998. Different letters mean significant differences between treatments within years (a,b = 1994; x = 1996; A,AB,B = 1997; a,b = 1998) p < 0.05