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Growth and Potential Conductivity of White Clover Roots in Dry Soil with Increasing Phosphorus Supply and Defoliation Frequency

^a CSIRO Plant Industry, Frank Wise Institute, P.O. Box 19, Kununurra, Western Australia 6743 and Dep. of Agricultural Sci., La Trobe Univ., Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
^b Dep. of Agricultural Sci., La Trobe Univ., Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1 Effect of increasing P supply on the coarse root length density for (a) infrequently and (b) frequently defoliated white clover plants in wet (solid circles) and dry (open circles) soil. Error bars represent ± one standard error of the mean

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2 Effect of increasing P supply on rate of total water loss for frequently defoliated white clover plants in wet (solid circles) and dry (open circles) soil. Error bars represent ± one standard error of the mean

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3 Relationships between rate of water loss, coarse root length density in (a) dry and (c) wet soil, and with fine root length density in (b) dry and (d) wet soil. Regression equations:

View larger version (172K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6 Transverse sections of xylem tissue of (A) P0 and (B) P150 photographed at 1700x magnification, and longitudinal sections of the P0 photographed at (C) 950x and (D) 2200x. The P0 treatment (A) had thinner xylem walls (comparable walls are identified by arrows), with some of the conduits blocked by starchlike granules (S), compared with the thicker xylem walls of the P150 treatment (B), which lacked starchlike granules. (C) shows the abundance of starchlike granules in most of the P0 conduits. (D) shows the presence of mucilage and bacterial growth (BG) in one of the vessel elements of the P0 treatment

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4 Effect of P supply and soil water treatments on the potential hydraulic conductance (Kh), estimated from mean number of xylem vessels and diameter in primary roots of frequently defoliated white clover plants

View larger version (12K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5 Relationships between potential hydraulic conductivity and (a) total leaf area and (b) rate of water loss for the frequently defoliated P0 and P150 plants in dry (open circles) and wet (solid circles) soil. Regression equations: