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Influence of Nitrogen on Productivity and Nutritive Value of Forage Chicory

USDA-ARS, Appalachian Farming Systems Research Center, 1224 Airport Road, Beaver, WV 25813 USA

View larger version (49K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1 Mean monthly maximum and minimum air temperatures, monthly precipitation, and 30-yr mean values for each parameter at Beckley, WV

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2 Sward composition as a function of N rate in 1995 and 1996. Error bars are standard error of the mean. 1995 chicory = (-3.89 x 10-4)(N rate)2 + (0.19)(N rate) + 41.36, R2 = 0.86; 1996 chicory = (3.26 x 10-5)(N rate)2 - (0.09)(N rate) + 37.26, R2 = 0.87; 1995 grasses = (2.31 x 10-4)(N rate)2 - (0.06)(N rate) + 28.04, R2 = 0.84; 1996 grasses = (-4.59 x 10-5)(N rate)2 + (0.09)(N rate) + 59.11, R2 = 0.84; 1995 legumes = (1.84 x 10-4)(N rate)2 - (0.15) (N rate) + 28.73, R2 = 0.95; 1996 legumes = (3.37 x 10-5) (N rate)2 - (0.02)(N rate) + 3.71, R2 = 0.69

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3 Cumulative herbage dry matter yield as a function of N rate from 1994 to 1996. Error bars are standard error of the mean. 1994 cumulative yield = (5.67 x 10-3)(N rate) + 3.45, r2 = 0.94; 1995 cumulative yield = (3.59 x 10-3)(N rate)+ 3.07, r2 = 0.72; 1996 cumulative yield = (2.28 x 10-3)(N rate) + 2.79, r2 = 0.91

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4 Distribution of mean season total yield during each growing season. Error bars are standard error of the mean

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5 Nitrogen concentration in herbage as a function of N rate. Error bars are standard error of the mean. 1994 N concentration = (2.6 x 10-2)(N rate) + 22.58, r2 = 0.89. Nitrogen did not influence herbage N concentrations in 1995 or 1996

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6 Nitrate-N concentration of herbage as a function of N rate in each growing season. Error bars are standard error of the mean. 1994 NO3–N = (5.64 x 10-3)(N rate) + 1.94, r2 = 0.67; 1995 NO3–N = (5.80 x 10-3)(N rate) + 2.10, r2 = 0.93; 1996 NO3–N = (4.75 x 10-3)(N rate) + 1.41, r2 = 0.97

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7 Cumulative protein yield of herbage as a function of N rate in each growing season. Error bars are standard error of the mean. 1994 cumulative protein yield = (1.53 x 10-3)(N rate) + 0.49, r2 = 0.93; 1995 cumulative protein yield = (8.11 x 10-4)(N rate) + 0.42, r2 = 0.71; 1996 cumulative protein yield = (4.95 x 10-4)(N rate) + 0.46, r2 = 0.69

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8 Metabolizable energy of feed (MEF) as a function of N rate and growing season. Error bars are standard error of the mean. 1994 MEF = (-1.40 x 10-5)(N rate)2 + (8.4 x 10-3)(N rate) + 8.41, R2 = 0.81; 1995 MEF = (1.45 x 10-5)(N rate)2 - (7.12 x 10-3)(N rate) + 10.79, R2 = 0.49; 1996 MEF = (8.64 x 10-6)(N rate)2 - (4.18 x 10-3)(N rate) + 11.13, R2 = 0.59

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9 Mean metabolizable energy of feed (MEF) during each growing season. Error bars are standard error of the mean