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Site-Specific Analysis of a Droughted Corn Crop

II. Water Use and Stress

Coastal Plains Soil, Water, and Plant Research Center, USDA-ARS, 2611 West Lucas St., Florence, SC 29501-1242 USA

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1 Crop temperature measured with an infrared thermometer as a function of distance along Transect 1 for one date before and for three dates after a 46-mm rain on 12 June 1993. The area around Site 1 appeared to be the most stressed in the field

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2 Crop temperature measured with an infrared thermometer as a function of distance along Transect 5 for one date before and for three dates after a 46-mm rain on 12 June 1993. The NoA site (Site 11) noted was never observed to be stressed, though final yields were quite low relative to norms

View larger version (36K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3 Soil water balance at the eight original representative sites as a function of date during the season. Symbols represent measurements; dashed lines indicate the interpolated values using procedures listed in the text. Rainfall is indicated on the right y-axis

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4 Ratio of actual evapotranspiration (Eta) to reference evapotranspiration (Etr) as a function of date during the season for six of the eight sites (Sites 4 and 7 were close to 2 and 6, respectively). The lines were fit using the cubic spline smoothing interpolation feature (SM25) of PROC GPLOT (SAS Inst., 1990)

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5 Plot of soil coefficient (Ks) as a function of day of year (DOY). Points are connected by spline interpolation

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6 Plot of crop coefficient (Kc) as a function of day of year (DOY). Curves are cubic polynomials

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7 Plot of crop coefficient (Kc) as a function of leaf area index (LAI). Curve is a least-square fit rectangular hyperbola with the intercept forced to 0.2 by convention and the asymptote left unconstrained

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8 Plot of cumulative actual evapotranspiration (Eta) as a function of day of year (DOY). End-of-season values for cumulative Eta and grain yield (dry weight) were used to derive water use efficiency (WUE)

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9 Plot of Tc - Ta as a function of fraction of available water content for the four infrared thermometer measurement dates