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Active Sensor Reflectance Measurements of Corn Nitrogen Status and Yield Potential

^a Monsanto, Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina
^b USDA-ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583
^c Dep. of Agronomy & Hortic., Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583
^d School of Nat. Resources, Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583. Mention of commercial products and organizations in this article is solely to provide specific information. It does not constitute endorsement by USDA-ARS over other products and organizations not mentioned. The USDA-ARS is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and all agency services are available without discrimination

View larger version (27K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Cumulative precipitation and average temperatures for the 2005 growing season (April–October) vs. long-term averages for the MSEA site near Shelton, NE.

View larger version (22K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Average grain yield responses of two corn hybrids (Pioneer brand hybrid 31N27 and 33V15) receiving five at-planting N levels at the MSEA 1 site near Shelton, NE, in 2005. The ANOVA, depicting treatment effects on grain yield, is also shown. Grain yield means followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the P 0.05 level as determined by the LSD test.

View larger version (21K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Average grain yield responses of five in-season N application levels (averaged across V11 and V15 application dates) and three at-planting N levels as well as the high N reference treatment (270 kg ha–1 N) at MSEA 2 site near Shelton, NE, in 2005. Grain yield means followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the P 0.05 level as determined by the LSD test.

View larger version (22K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Average grain yield responses of five in-season N application levels (averaged across V11 and V15 application dates) and three at-planting N levels as well as the high N reference treatment (270 kg ha–1 N) at MSEA 3 site near Shelton, NE, in 2005. Grain yield means followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the P 0.05 level as determined by the LSD test.

View larger version (27K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Relationships between variation in relative chlorophyll meter (CM) readings and two sensor-determined vegetation indices (NDVI590, normalized difference vegetation index; CI590, chlorophyll index) for data collected on two vegetative growth stages (V11 and V15) during the 2005 growing season at the MSEA 1 and 3 sites near Shelton, NE, for corn receiving varying amounts of applied N. Other parameters provided include linear regression equation, sample number (n), coefficient of determination (r2), RMSE, and sensitivity equivalent (SEq); SEq = slope/RMSE.

View larger version (17K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Linear relationships between relative chlorophyll meter (CM) readings and two sensor-determined vegetation indices (NDVI590, normalized difference vegetation index; CI590, chlorophyll index), as depicted in Fig. 5, along with reference and sufficiency index (SI) values for CM readings and corresponding vegetation indices.

View larger version (22K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Linear relationships between variation in relative grain yield and relative values for two sensor-determined vegetation indices (NDVI590, normalized difference vegetation index; CI590, chlorophyll index) collected on two vegetative growth stages (V11 and V15) for corn receiving varying amounts of N applied at planting during the 2005 growing season at the MSEA 1 and 3 sites located near Shelton, NE. Other parameters provided include linear regression equation, sample number (n) coefficient of determination (r2), RMSE, and sensitivity equivalent (SEq); SEq = slope/RMSE).