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Tillage

Tillage System Effects on Competition between Barley and Sterile Oat

^a Agron. Lab., Technol. & Educ. Inst. of Thessaloniki, 541 01 Thessaloniki, Greece
^b Weed Science Lab, Technol. & Educ. Inst. of Larissa, 411 10 Larissa, Greece
^c Agron. Dep., Univ. Farm, Aristotle Univ. of Thessaloniki, 570 01 Thermi, Greece
^d Entomol. Lab., Technol. & Educ. Inst. of Thessaloniki, 541 01 Thessaloniki, Greece
^e Agron. Lab. Aristotle Univ. of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece

^* Corresponding author (dimas{at}cp.teithe.gr)

Received for publication October 17, 2005. The short-term effect of three tillage systems [minimum (MT), reduced (RT), and conventional (CT)] on growth and yield components of two six-row barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. ‘Athinaida’ and ‘Plaisant’) in presence or absence of sterile oat (Avena sterilis L.) was studied in northern Greece during the 2003–2004 (Yr 1) and 2004–2005 (Yr 2) growing seasons. Sterile oat was controlled using a postemergence (POST) application of imazamethabenz {(±)-2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-4(and 5)-methylbenzoic acid (3:2)} at the early tillering stage of barley. The competitive ability of both barley cultivars against sterile oat was similar. Sterile oat total fresh weight and stem number were less in CT compared to those in RT and MT in Yr 1, a wet growing season, but were greater in Yr 2, a dry growing season. Barley grain yield was greatest and not affected by tillage in Yr 1 whereas in Yr 2, overall yield was lower and MT reduced grain yield by 14% compared to yield in RT and CT treatments. Furthermore, averaged across tillage system and barley cultivar, total weight, ear number, and grain yield of barley grown with sterile oat interference was lower by 10 to 33%, 16 to 45%, and 20 to 38%, respectively, to that of barley grown where sterile oat was controlled. These results indicate that both barley cultivars had satisfactory competitive ability against sterile oat and minimum or reduced tillage systems could be viable as short-term alternative management systems for barley production.

Abbreviations: CT, conventional tillage • MT, minimum tillage • POST, postemergence • RT, reduced tillage • WAT, weeks after tillering