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Manure Management

Extractable Soil Phosphorus and Inorganic Nitrogen following Application of Raw and Anaerobically Digested Swine Manure

^a Ministry of Agric. (INTA), Dep. of Soil and Land Evaluation, Centro Colon, San Jose, Costa Rica (formerly Dep. of Agron., Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA)
^b Dep. of Agron., Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011-1010

^* Corresponding author (jsawyer{at}iastate.edu)

Received for publication October 1, 2004. Processing of swine (Sus scrofa domestica) manure in an anaerobic digester for biogas production is not a complete waste treatment process. Therefore, digested manure must be utilized in some manner, most likely as a source of plant nutrients. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of raw and digested liquid swine manure application on soil test P (STP) and inorganic N. A laboratory incubation study was conducted for 112 d, with a factorial combination of raw manure, digested manure, and inorganic fertilizer at five nutrient rates (0, 12.5, 25, 37.5, and 50 mg total P kg^–1 and 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg total N kg^–1). Raw and digested swine manure produced the same NH₄–N disappearance, NO₃–N formation, net inorganic N, and increase in STP. Routine STP methods estimated similar P recovery with both manure sources, averaging 21% at the end of incubation. For the first 28 d of incubation, the STP levels were higher for fertilizer than manure; STP levels were similar for all P sources after 28 d. Nitrification of manure NH₄ was rapid, reaching background concentrations by 14 d, with conversion rate similar to fertilizer NH₄–N. By the end of incubation, maximum net extractable inorganic N, predominantly NO₃–N, averaged 20% less than total applied N for both raw and digested manure. Anaerobic digestion did not substantially affect manure nutrient supply, and we conclude that anaerobically digested liquid swine manure can provide similar plant-available N and P as expected from raw swine manure.

Abbreviations: COD, chemical oxygen demand • STP, soil test phosphorus • TKN, total Kjeldahl nitrogen

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