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Notes and Unique Phenomena

AUTOMATED CALIBRATION STAMP TECHNOLOGY FOR IMPROVED IN-SEASON NITROGEN FERTILIZATION

^a Dep. of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 74078
^b Dep. of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 74078

^* Corresponding author (wrr{at}mail.pss.okstate.edu)

Received for publication July 13, 2004. Midseason fertilizer N is currently recommended using a wide range of differing soil-test, plant-test, and soil-N mineralization procedures. The objective of this paper is to present an applied approach for determining midseason fertilizer N rates. A conventional 2003 Honda FourTrax Foreman ES four-wheeler (433 cc, 127 cm wheel base, 116 cm wide) with a 3 m wide spray boom and a 1-m spacing between nozzles was modified to deliver a range of fixed N rates as urea ammonium nitrate (28%N) within a 9 m² grid. Within each grid, nine separate 1 m² areas exist, whereby each of the four corners receive no fertilizer N. Rates of 22, 45, 67, 90, and 112 kg N ha^–1 occupy the other five, 1 m² areas within the 9 m² grid (termed as an N rate calibration stamp). Traveling at 8 km h^–1 (5 mph), consecutive 9 m² grids can be applied continuously. Calibration stamps should be applied preplant or soon thereafter and superimposed on top of the farmer practice. By midseason, differences between the 1 m² N rate areas can be visualized and a field-specific topdress N rate prescribed by choosing the lowest N rate where no visual differences were observed between it and the highest rate. Calibration stamps applied preplant or soon after planting can assist in providing visual interpretation of N mineralization + atmospheric N deposition from planting to the time midseason N is applied, and improved determination of topdress N rates.

Abbreviations: NDVI, normalized difference vegetative index • NUE, nitrogen use efficiency • PLC, programmable logic controller • PPNT, preplant nitrate tests • PSNT, presidedress nitrate test • RI, response index • UAN, urea ammonium nitrate

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