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PRODUCTION PAPERS

Low Intensity Harvest Management of Reed Canarygrass

^a Dep. of Crop and Soil Sci., 503 Bradfield Hall, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY 14853
^b Dep. of Animal Sci., Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY 14853
^c USDA-ARS, U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI 53706-1108

^* Corresponding author (jhc5{at}cornell.edu)

Received for publication May 10, 2002. High K grass forage increases risk of animal metabolic disorders, and forage management of perennial grass grown under K-limiting soil conditions needs further study. Our objective was to evaluate forage nutritive value, yield, and stand persistence of reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinaceae L.) under two-harvest management and low availability of soil K. Three N and three K fertilizer treatments were applied to reed canarygrass for 5 yr at two sites in central New York state with Niagara silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Aeric Epiqualfs) and Williamson silt loam (coarse-silty, mixed, active, mesic Typic Fragiudepts) soil types. Reed canarygrass persisted under all treatments throughout the experiment, although K deficiency symptoms appeared in the high N, low K fertilizer combination. At the high N fertilizer rate, dry matter (DM) yield increased linearly (P < 0.05) with increased K fertilizer rate, while K fertilizer did not influence yield in the absence of N fertilizer. Recovery of K fertilizer was low and increased linearly (P < 0.05) with increased N fertilizer rate from 6 to 42%. Soil test K increased to 59.9 mg kg^-1 with no N fertilization and decreased to 34.9 mg kg^-1 with 224 kg N ha^-1. Under high N fertilization with no K fertilization, grass forage K concentration averaged <12 g kg^-1 in the spring and <8 g kg^-1 in the fall. Sufficient yields of grass forage with reasonable quality and low concentrations of K were possible through high N, low K fertility management in a two-harvest system.

Abbreviations: Ca, calcium • CP, crude protein • DM, dry matter • IVTD, in vitro true digestibility • K, potassium • N, nitrogen • NDF, neutral detergent fiber • OM, organic matter

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