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PRODUCTION PAPER

Soybean Responses to Potassium Placement and Tillage Alternatives following No-Till

Dep. of Agronomy, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN 47907-1150

* Corresponding author (tvyn{at}purdue.edu)

Received for publication October 10, 2001. More information is needed about optimum potassium (K) fertilizer placement for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production in no-till fields. This study was conducted at two locations in Ontario, Canada, from 1998 to 2000 to examine soybean responses to K placement methods and tillage systems on soils with a 5- to 7-yr no-till history and medium to high soil-test K levels. Fertilizer K treatments (15-cm deep banding in fall, 7.5-cm shallow banding in spring, surface broadcast in fall, and a zero K control) were compared in three conservation tillage systems (fall zone-till, fall disk, and no-till). The K fertilizer rate was 100 kg ha^-1 for all but the control treatment. Soybean row widths (76 or 38 cm) varied with tillage systems, and soybean rows were positioned above K fertilizer bands if applicable. Yield responses to K application occurred in the fall zone-till and no-till systems on some medium- to high-testing soils. There was no significant leaf K or seed yield advantage to band placement compared to surface broadcasting, and to fall zone-till or fall disk systems relative to no-till, for soybean of similar row width. Neither leaf K nor seed yield was negatively affected by degree of soil K stratification. Despite vertical soil K stratification after continuous no-till, there was no significant leaf K or yield benefit to replacing narrow-row, no-till soybean systems (involving surface K fertilizer application) with wide-row zone-till or no-till systems (involving deep banding of K), or with narrow-row, fall disk systems (involving surface-applied, but tillage-incorporated K).

Abbreviations: FD (38), fall disk with 38-cm row width • NT (38), no-till with 38-cm row width • NT (76), no-till with 76-cm row width • OCHU, Ontario Crop Heat Units • ZT (76), fall zone-till with 76-cm row width

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