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PRODUCTION PAPER

Tillage, Crop Sequence, and Cultivar Effects on Sclerotinia Stem Rot Incidence and Yield in Soybean

^a Dep. of Plant Pathology, 495 Borlaug Hall, Univ. of Minnesota, 1991 Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108
^b Dep. of Plant Pathology, 284 Russell Labs, 1630 Linden Drive, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
^c Dep. of Agronomy, 371 Moore Hall, 1575 Linden Drive, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI 53706
^d Wisconsin Dep. of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection, Plant Pest and Disease Lab, 4702 University Ave., Madison, WI 53702

* Corresponding author (jkurle{at}puccini.crl.umn.edu)

Received for publication October 4, 2000. Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR), caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, is an important soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] disease in the North Central States. The effect of tillage, crop sequence, and cultivar on SSR incidence and soybean yield was evaluated in a 3-yr on-farm study conducted at Janesville, Sharon, and Waunakee, WI. In the study, arranged in a split-split-split-split plot design, main plots were tillage: moldboard (MB), chisel plow (CP), or no-till (NT); subplots were 1995 crops: corn (Zea mays L.), small grain, or soybean; sub-subplots were 1996 crops: corn, small grain, or soybean cultivar. Sub-sub-subplots were soybean cultivars planted in 1997. In 1997, SSR incidence averaged >40% at Janesville and Waunakee, and <1% at Sharon; and was lowest in NT (P < 0.001) or when the soybean cultivar S19-90 was planted (P < 0.001). Planting corn or oat (Avena sativa L.) the preceding year (1996) reduced SSR incidence in 1997 (P < 0.001). Yield was highest in NT (P < 0.001), in S19-90 (P < 0.001), and following oat (P < 0.001). Sclerotial density was affected by tillage (P < 0.001). Apothecial numbers were greatest in MB and lowest in NT. Because brown stem rot, Phialophora gregata (Allington and Chamberlain) W. Gams, and SSR developed at Janesville, there was a simple linear relationship between yield and SSR incidence (R² = 0.35, P < 0.01) only at Waunakee. Soybean yields were greatest when S19-90 was planted in NT following corn or oat.

Abbreviations: AUDPC, area under the disease progress curve • BSR, brown stem rot • CP, chisel plow • MP, moldboard plow • NT, no-till • SSR, Sclerotinia stem rot

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