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a Plant and Soil Sciences Dep., Univ. of Tennessee, West Tennessee Exp. Stn., Jackson, TN 38301
b Plant and Soil Sciences Dep., Univ. of Tennessee, P.O. Box 1071, Knoxville, TN 37901-1071
c Agric. Economics and Rural Sociology Dep., Univ. of Tennessee, P.O. Box 1071, Knoxville, TN 37901-1071
Corresponding author (dhoward2{at}utk.edu)
Information on nitrogen (N) fertilization of no-till (NT) cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is needed to optimize lint yields and earliness. We evaluated five N rates and three application methods for NT cotton production on Loring silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Oxyaquic Fragiudalfs) with natural winter annuals as a cover; and on Memphis silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Typic Hapludalfs) having corn (Zea mays L.) stover as a cover and on Lexington silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Utlic Hapludalfs) having winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as a cover. Nitrogen rates of 0, 34, 67, 101, and 134 kg ha-1 were either broadcasted as ammonium nitrate (AN) or injected as urea–ammonium nitrate (UAN) at planting. Additional treatments included broadcasting 67 kg N ha-1 as AN at planting with either 34 or 67 kg N ha-1 banded 6 wk later. Relative to no N, broadcasting 67 kg N ha-1 as AN increased 4-yr average NT lint yields on Loring silt loam from 739 to 1281 kg lint ha-1 and 2-yr average yields on Lexington silt loam from 1086 to 1535 kg ha-1. A higher N rate (101 kg N ha-1) was needed to increase 2-yr average yields on Memphis silt loam from 821 to 1169 kg ha-1. Broadcasting AN was a satisfactory placement method producing yields equal to or higher than injecting UAN or splitting AN for NT cotton produced on these loessial soils despite different covers and residues.
Abbreviations: AN, ammonium nitrate • UAN, urea–ammonium nitrate • DD60, degree days 60 • NT, no-tillage • CT, conventional-tillage
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