Agronomy Journal Grow Your Career With ASA
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

Published online 1 May 1999
Published in Agron J 91:357-363 (1999)
© 1999 American Society of Agronomy
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via ISI Web of Science (131)
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Raun, W. R.
Right arrow Articles by Johnson, G. V.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow Articles by Raun, W. R.
Right arrow Articles by Johnson, G. V.
Agricola
Right arrow Articles by Raun, W. R.
Right arrow Articles by Johnson, G. V.

Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency for Cereal Production

William R. Raun* and Gordon V. Johnson

Dep. of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078

* Corresponding author (wrr{at}soilwater.agr.okstate.edu)

Worldwide, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) for cereal production (wheat, Triticum aestivum L.; corn, Zen mays L.; rice, Oryza sativa L. and O. glaberrima Steud.; barley, Hordeum vulgare L.; sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench; millet, Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.; oat, Avena sativa L.; and rye, Secale cereale L.) is approximately 33%. The unaccounted 67% represents a $15.9 billion annual loss of N fertilizer (assuming fertilizer-soil equilibrium). Loss of fertilizer N results from gaseous plant emission, soil denitrification, surface runoff, volatilization, and leaching. Increased cereal NUE is unlikely, unless a systems approach is implemented that uses varieties with high harvest index, incorporated NH4-N fertilizer, application of prescribed rates consistent with in-field variability using sensor-based systems within production fields, low N rates applied at flowering, and forage production systems. Furthermore, increased cereal NUE must accompany increased yields needed to feed a growing world population that has yet to benefit from the promise of N2-fixing cereal crops. The Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) linked with advanced research programs at universities and research institutes is uniquely positioned to refine fertilizer N use in the world via the extension of improved NUE hybrids and cultivars and management practices in both the developed and developing world.

Contribution from the Okla. Agric. Exp. Stn.

Received for publication September 30, 1998.


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Plant Physiol.Home page
S. Kant, Y.-M. Bi, E. Weretilnyk, S. Barak, and S. J. Rothstein
The Arabidopsis Halophytic Relative Thellungiella halophila Tolerates Nitrogen-Limiting Conditions by Maintaining Growth, Nitrogen Uptake, and Assimilation
Plant Physiology, July 1, 2008; 147(3): 1168 - 1180.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
P. A. Barbieri, H. E. Echeverria, H. R. Sainz Rozas, and F. H. Andrade
Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Maize as Affected by Nitrogen Availability and Row Spacing
Agron. J., June 23, 2008; 100(4): 1094 - 1100.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
F. Solari, J. Shanahan, R. Ferguson, J. Schepers, and A. Gitelson
Active Sensor Reflectance Measurements of Corn Nitrogen Status and Yield Potential
Agron. J., May 7, 2008; 100(3): 571 - 579.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
T. F. Stanger and J. G. Lauer
Corn Grain Yield Response to Crop Rotation and Nitrogen over 35 Years
Agron. J., May 7, 2008; 100(3): 643 - 650.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
S. Cahill, D. Osmond, C. Crozier, D. Israel, and R. Weisz
Winter Wheat and Maize Response to Urea Ammonium Nitrate and a New Urea Formaldehyde Polymer Fertilizer
Agron. J., November 6, 2007; 99(6): 1645 - 1653.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
R. P. Sripada, D. C. Farrer, R. Weisz, R. W. Heiniger, and J. G. White
Aerial Color Infrared Photography to Optimize In-Season Nitrogen Fertilizer Recommendations in Winter Wheat
Agron. J., October 15, 2007; 99(6): 1424 - 1435.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Exp BotHome page
B. Hirel, J. Le Gouis, B. Ney, and A. Gallais
The challenge of improving nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants: towards a more central role for genetic variability and quantitative genetics within integrated approaches
J. Exp. Bot., July 1, 2007; 58(9): 2369 - 2387.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
S. Takahashi, M. R. Anwar, and S. G. de Vera
Effects of Compost and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Wheat Nitrogen Use in Japanese Soils
Agron. J., June 26, 2007; 99(4): 1151 - 1157.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
P. Lu, Y. Su, Z. Niu, and J. Wu
Geostatistical Analysis and Risk Assessment on Soil Total Nitrogen and Total Soil Phosphorus in the Dongting Lake Plain Area, China
J. Environ. Qual., May 25, 2007; 36(4): 935 - 942.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
R. Weisz, R. P. Sripada, R. W. Heiniger, J. G. White, and D. C. Farrer
In-Season Tissue Testing to Optimize Soft Red Winter Wheat Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates: Influence of Wheat Biomass
Agron. J., March 12, 2007; 99(2): 511 - 520.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Soil Sci.Home page
D. deB. Richter Jr., M. Hofmockel, M. A. Callaham Jr., D. S. Powlson, and P. Smith
Long-Term Soil Experiments: Keys to Managing Earth's Rapidly Changing Ecosystems
Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., March 12, 2007; 71(2): 266 - 279.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
K. L. Martin, K. Girma, K. W. Freeman, R. K. Teal, B. Tubana, D. B. Arnall, B. Chung, O. Walsh, J. B. Solie, M. L. Stone, et al.
Expression of Variability in Corn as Influenced by Growth Stage Using Optical Sensor Measurements
Agron. J., February 6, 2007; 99(2): 384 - 389.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
H. P. Collins, J. A. Delgado, A. K. Alva, and R. F. Follett
Use of Nitrogen-15 Isotopic Techniques to Estimate Nitrogen Cycling from a Mustard Cover Crop to Potatoes
Agron. J., January 1, 2007; 99(1): 27 - 35.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
R. K. Teal, B. Tubana, K. Girma, K. W. Freeman, D. B. Arnall, O. Walsh, and W. R. Raun
In-Season Prediction of Corn Grain Yield Potential Using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
Agron. J., October 3, 2006; 98(6): 1488 - 1494.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
C. A. Shapiro and C. S. Wortmann
Corn Response to Nitrogen Rate, Row Spacing, and Plant Density in Eastern Nebraska
Agron. J., April 11, 2006; 98(3): 529 - 535.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
S. O. PB. Samonte, L. T. Wilson, J. C. Medley, S. R. M. Pinson, A. M. McClung, and J. S. Lales
Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency: Relationships with Grain Yield, Grain Protein, and Yield-Related Traits in Rice
Agron. J., January 5, 2006; 98(1): 168 - 176.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
R. L. Anderson
Are Some Crops Synergistic to Following Crops?
Agron. J., January 1, 2005; 97(1): 7 - 10.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
D. Inman, R. Khosla, D. G. Westfall, and R. Reich
Nitrogen Uptake across Site Specific Management Zones in Irrigated Corn Production Systems
Agron. J., January 1, 2005; 97(1): 169 - 176.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
P. M. O'Neill, J. F. Shanahan, J. S. Schepers, and B. Caldwell
Agronomic Responses of Corn Hybrids from Different Eras to Deficit and Adequate Levels of Water and Nitrogen
Agron. J., November 1, 2004; 96(6): 1660 - 1667.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
M. Flowers, R. Weisz, R. Heiniger, D. Osmond, and C. Crozier
In-Season Optimization and Site-Specific Nitrogen Management for Soft Red Winter Wheat
Agron. J., January 1, 2004; 96(1): 124 - 134.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
R. W. Mullen, K. W. Freeman, W. R. Raun, G. V. Johnson, M. L. Stone, and J. B. Solie
Identifying an In-Season Response Index and the Potential to Increase Wheat Yield with Nitrogen
Agron. J., March 1, 2003; 95(2): 347 - 351.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Plant Physiol.Home page
B. N. Kaiser, S. R. Rawat, M. Y. Siddiqi, J. Masle, and A. D.M. Glass
Functional Analysis of an Arabidopsis T-DNA "Knockout" of the High-Affinity NH4+ Transporter AtAMT1;1
Plant Physiology, November 1, 2002; 130(3): 1263 - 1275.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
W. R. Raun, J. B. Solie, G. V. Johnson, M. L. Stone, R. W. Mullen, K. W. Freeman, W. E. Thomason, and E. V. Lukina
Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cereal Grain Production with Optical Sensing and Variable Rate Application
Agron. J., July 1, 2002; 94(4): 815 - 820.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
C. W. Woolfolk, W. R. Raun, G. V. Johnson, W. E. Thomason, R. W. Mullen, K. J. Wynn, and K. W. Freeman
Influence of Late-Season Foliar Nitrogen Applications on Yield and Grain Nitrogen in Winter Wheat
Agron. J., May 1, 2002; 94(3): 429 - 434.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
The SCI Journals Crop Science Vadose Zone Journal
Journal of Natural Resources
and Life Sciences Education		 Soil Science Society of America Journal
Journal of Plant Registrations Journal of
Environmental Quality		 The Plant Genome
Copyright © 1999 by the American Society of Agronomy.