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Sulfur Fertilization of Smooth Bromegrass in Kansas

Dep. of Agronomy, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506.

^* Corresponding author (Email: rayelamo{at}ksuvm.ksu.edu).

Sulfur deficiencies have been identified throughout the central USA with increasing frequency in recent years, yet little work has been reported on S needs of perennial cool-season forage grasses. Field studies were initiated on established smooth bromegrass(Bromus inermis Leyss.) at three sites in eastern Kansas to evaluate the effects of S fertilization on forage production and quality. Sulfur rates (0, 17, 34 kg ha^–1) and sources (ammonium sulfate and ammonium thiosulfate) were evaluated with a uniform N application of 134 kg ha^–1. Sulfur fertilization generally increased bromegrass forage production. Averaged across site years, forage yields were increased 700 kg ha-1 annually by S application. The 17 kg S ha^–1 rate was sufficient to achieve forage yield increases. Sulfur fertilization had little effect on bromegrass forage protein levels at normal harvest time, but did increase forage S concentrations. Forage protein levels of early-season forage samples were increased by S application. When N /S ratios of the no-S check treatments were 20:1 or greater, forage yields were increased with S application. Ammonium sulfate and ammonium thiosulfate performed equally well as S sources.

Received for publication February 12, 1994.