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No-Till Proso Millet Production

USDA-ARS, P.O. Box 400, Akron, CO 80720

^* Corresponding author.

Proso millet (Panicum miliaeeum L.) is well-adapted for the Central Great Plains and is commonly grown with a mechanical tillage production system in a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.>milletfallow rotation. The use of tillage results in extensive wind and water erosion, however. Research was conducted on a mesic Aridic Paleustoll soil near Akron, CO, to determine proso millet response to a no-till production system. Eliminating tillage increased proso millet grain yields from 2290 to 2730 kg/ha in 1985 and from 1200 to 1610 kg/ha in 1986, compared to tilled proso millet production. Water use efficiency (W E) also increased in the no-till system. Nitrogen fertilizer at 22 or 44 kg N/ha increased grain yield, N concentration of grain, and WUE of no-till proso millet regardless of whether growing-season precipitation was near normal or 33% below the long-term site average of 212 nun. Atrazine [6-chloro-Nethyl-N'-(l-methylethyl)-l,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine] applied either in the previous fall or 60 d before planting provided effective in-crop weed control for the no-till production system. Atrazine applied in the spring required two paraquat (l,l'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium ion) applications at 0.28 kg ai/ha to control weeds the previous fall. Nitrogen fertilizer did not affect the bioactivity or soil persistence of atrazine.

Received for publication May 25, 1989.