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Continuous Flow System for Collecting Volatile Ammonia and Amines from Senescing Winter Wheat¹

Evolution of ammonia and amines from wheat-media systems following anthesis has previously been observed with chambers that have been either closed or open, but lacking in low ultimate relative humidity. Few systems have isolated the aerial parts of the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from its growth medium. Therefore, a freeflow open system was designed that isolated the aerial wheat from its growth medium and obtained low ultimate relative humidities of 10 to 20%. Surfaces of 0.1 M HCl were used to trap the ammonia and amines both inside and outside the chamber, increasing the efficiency of collection. Potted winter wheat was heavily fertilized with five additions of 50 mg N kg–¹ soil and watered to near field capacity as required. Emission of volatile bases yielded a sensitive double-peaked senescent N band. The 90-day average plant emission of 1.8 mg N m–² day–¹ represented a crop loss of 1.6 kg N ha–¹ and 3.1% of the total N in the plant material contained in the chamber.

Key Words: Triticum aestivum L. • Nitrogen volatilization • Nitrogen evolution • Nitrogen loss

² Chemist and soil scientist, respectively, USDA-ARS, Fort Collins, CO 80522.

Received for publication November 20, 1985.