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Grain Production of Winter Wheat after Spring Freeze Injury¹

The most extensive spring freeze reported on winter wheat (Trificum aestivum L.) in the Great Plains occurred in Kansas and adjoining states in 1981. We related magnitude of injury to prevailing temperatures and compared consequences of freeze injury in 1981 and previous years. The injury threshold nearly paralleled the O°C isotherm during the freeze. Production losses ranged up to 85% in individual counties and averaged 62% in the affected area and 31% statewide in Kansas. Low grain production in 1981 contrasted with record production in states reporting freeze injury to winter wheat during previous years. Modeling showed record winter wheat production after spring freezes other years was associated with generally favorable conditions throughout the growing season, early development of wheat during the spring, and extraordinarily favorable conditions after the freeze. Spring freeze injury might affect winter wheat production locally, but production over large areas was frequently favored by conditions associated with localized freeze injury.

Key Words: Triticum aestivum L. • Temperature effects • Modeling

² Professors of agronomy.

Received for publication November 8, 1982.

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