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Inheritancee of Tolerance or Resistance to Manganese Toxicity in Soybeans

Soybeans (Glycine max L. Merr.) differ in their tolerance to Mn. The objective of this study was to determine the nature or mode of inheritance of Mn tolerance in soybeans. Test plants were Forrest (Mn-intolerant, Fe-inefficient), T203 (Mn-tolerant, Fe-inefficient) and their F₂ progeny Forrest _* T203 (F_*T) and T203 _* Forrest (T_*F); and Bragg (Mn-intolerant, Fe-efficient), Lee (Mn-tolerant, mod. Fe efficient) and their F₂ progeny, Bragg _* Lee (B_*L), and Lee _* Bragg (L_*B). The plants were grown in Mn-toxic soil and in nutrient solutions containing 0.35 and 0.65 mg Mn/liter. Only T203 did not develop some Mn-toxicity symptoms under conditions of relatively high Mn. The order of symptom severity was Forrest Bragg > Lee > T203. Manganese toxicity symptoms also varied among the F₂ progeny of reciprocal crosses. The leaves of both parents and progenies contained about 500 mg Mn/g dry matter. Some factor(s) other than Mn concentration in the plants appeared to cause the Mn-toxicity symptoms. The Fe concentration in plant tops was related somewhat to Mn-toxicity symptoms in that the Fe concentrations were usually greater in Mn-intolerant than in Mn-tolerant genotypes. Control of tolerance to excess Mn appeared to be multgenic rather than controlled by a single gene locus. Reciprocal differences in progeny suggested that cytoplasmic inheritance influenced Mn tolerance. Crop failure can be avoided by selecting a Mn-tolerant soybean to be grown in a soil relatively high in available Mn.

Key Words: Mn-tolerant • Mn-intolerant • Fe-efficient • Fe-inefficient • Soybean progeny • Manganic oxides • Ferrous iron • Glycine max L. Merr.

Received for publication November 15, 1979.