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Herbicide Antidotes With Triallate¹

Triallate [S - (2, 3, 3-trichloroallyl) diisopropylthiocarbamate] must be applied and incorporated shallowly (2 to 3 cm) postplant to prevent wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) injury; however, deeper incorporation (6 to 10 cm) has given more consistent wild oat (Avena fatua L.) control. Antidotes which would increase the tolerance of wheat to triallate would allow preplant applications with deep soil incorporation for more consistent wild oat control. Research was conducted in the glasshouse with greenhouse potting soil (2:1:1 v/v/v Fargo silty clay, sand, and compost) or in the field on a Fargo silty clay (fine montmorillonitic, frigid, vertic Haplaquolls) to determine the effectiveness of several antidotes for increasing wheat tolerance to triallate. Treatment of the wheat seed with N, N-diallyl-2, 2-dichloroacetanilide (R25788), 1, 8, napthalic anhydride (NA) or carboxin (5, 6-dihydro-2-methyl-1, 4-oxathin-3-carboxanilide) increased tolerance of wheat to triallate in both the glasshouse and the field. R-25788 and carboxin were more effective antidotes than NA with triallate. Applications of R-25788 and 2, 2-dimethyl 3-dichloroacetyl-oxazolidine (R-28725) in combination with triallate and seed treatment with 4-chloro-2-hydroxyminoacetanilide (S-449) or R-28725 were ineffective antidotes against triallate injury to wheat. This research indicates that R-25788 or carboxin as seed treatments increased wheat tolerance sufficiently to allow preplant applications of 0.8 kg/ha triallate without injury.

Key Words: Wheat • Triticum aestivum L. • Herbicidic protectant

² Assistant professor and professor, Dep. of Agronomy, North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND 58105.

Received for publication October 15, 1979.