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Cotton Cultivar Response to Propazine and Atrazine¹

Forty-eight cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars were evaluated in field studies over a 2-year period to determine tolerance to phytotoxic soil residue levels of propazine [2-chloro-4,6-bis (isopropylamine)-s-triazine] and atrazine [Z-chloro-4-(ethylamiamino)-6-isopropylami)-s-triazine] present after use in rotational grain crops. After planting, preemergence, broadcast applications of atrazine and propazine at 0.56 kg/ha were applied to an Amarillo sandy clay loam soil (a member of the fineloamy, mixed thermic family of Aridic Paleustalfs). Cotton cultivars injury ratings were obtained 6 to 8 weeks after planting, In anotha study, propazine rates of 0.56 and 1.12 kg/ha were applied preemergence to test yield differences between tolerant and susceptible cotton cultivars.

Injury ranged from 8 to SO%, and 3 to 53% among varieties subjected to atrazine and propazine, respectively. In the propazine yield test, where a tolerant cotton cultivar (‘Paymaster 303’), was compared to a sensitive cotton cultivar (‘Paymaster lllA’), the tolerant cultivar produced 210 %/ha more than the sensitive cultivar. In the absence of the herbicide, there were no differences in the yield of the two cultivars. This research indicates that choice of cultivar can significantly limit injury to cotton and the likelihood of reduced yields.

Key Words: Gossypium hirsutum • Cotton • Triazine • Cultivar • Tolerance • Residue • Propazine • Atrazine

² Associate professor, research associate, and professor, Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Lubbock, TX 79401.

Received for publication February 1, 1979.