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Differential Use of Fe³⁺ and Fe²⁺ by Oats¹

Plants have specific Fe requirements, dependent on their ability to make Fe available in a useful form. They are classed Feefficient if they respond to Fedeficiency stress by inducing biochemical reactions that make Fe available in a useful form, and Fe-inefficient if they do not. This study was conducted to characterize the use of Fe by Feinefficient oats (Avena byzantina K. Koch) ‘TAM 0-312,’ and Fe-efficient oats ‘Coker 227.’ These cultivars were grown in nutrient solutions where they were subjected to different degrees of Fe stress induced by variable concentrations of either phosphate, CaCO₃, or Fe. The oat plants were grown in an environmentally-controlled chamber with 16 hours of light at approximately 320 µEm^-3 sec^-l and 8 hours of darkness at a temperature of 24 ± 2 C. Coker 227 was more Fe-efficient than TAM 0-312 regardless of how Fe stress was induced and usually contained less Ca than TAM 0-312. TAM 0.312 required 1.2 mg Fe/liter in the nutrient solution before it was green, whereas Coker 227 required only 0.6 mg Fe/liter. Susceptibility to Fe chlorosis in these cultivars was caused by the inherent nature of the plant to use either Fe⁸⁺ or F²⁺ and by the greater use of Ca by TAM 0-312 than by Coker 227. The plant plays a key role in maintaining a proper nutrient elememt balance and the availability of a nutrient element for plant use.

Key Words: Fe stress • Chlorosis • Micronutrient requirement • Phosphate-induced Fe diciency • Absorption and transport of Fe