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Sulfur Nutrition of Rice. II. Effect of Source and Rate of S on Growth and Yield Under Flooded Conditions

Sulfur deficiencies are widespread in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, and responses to S have been recorded in rice, corn, and pastures in various parts of the province. The major fertilizers used in Indonesia are urea and triple superphosphate (TSP) and the continued use of these matenals has led to declining rice yields in some areas.

Field experiments were conducted at three sites in South Sulawesi to study the effect of S source (gypsum, ammonium sulfate, elemental S) and rate (0 to 80 kg S/ha) on grain production in flooded rice.

Sulfur deficiency in rice results in a marked reduction in tiller numbers. At one site panicle number was reduced from 14.9 per hill where 80 kg S/ha was applied down to 4.1 per hill in the S₀ treatment.

Yield responses to S were recorded at all three sites and gypsum, ammonium sulfate and elemental S were equally effective in increasing yield when applied at transplanting. Elemental S applied 20 days before transplanting was less effective than elemental S applied at transplanting.

Key Words: Fertilizers • Flooded soils • Oryza sativa L.

² Head, Soils Dep., Lembaga Penelitian Pertanian Maros, P.O. Box 173, Ujung Pandang, Sulawesia Selatan, Indonesia.

³ Agronomist - Team Leader, Co-operative CRIA-IRRI Program, P.O. Box 38, Ujung Pandang, Sulawesia Selatan, Indonesia.

Received for publication February 25, 1978.