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Published in Agron J 61:305-310 (1969)
© 1969 American Society of Agronomy
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Water Use by Cotton From Low and Moderately Saline Static Water Tables1

L. N. Namken, C. L. Wiegand and R. G. Brown2

A 4-year lysimeter study was conducted to determine the contribution of low to moderately saline, shallow static water tables to the total water use and yield of cotton grown on deep, permeable soils. Water tables controlled at 91-, 183-, and 274-cm depths contributed 54.4, 26.4, and 17.3% of the total water use under the high moisture treatment and 60.6, 48.9, and 39.2% under the low moisture treatment. Total water use consisted of soil profile depletion, rainfall, irrigations, and additions of water to maintain the water tables. Water uptake from the 274-cm water table was strongly related to the salinity level (electrical conductivity of saturated soil extract, ECe) of the capillary (183- to 274-cm) zone. Lint cotton yields were related to the total amount of water obtained from the table as well as to the salinity level of the capillary zone. Moderate salinity (ECe of 10 to 14 mmhos/cm) of the capillary zone reduced monthly and seasonal water use from the water tables as compared with low salinity (ECe of 2 to 3 mmhos/cm) conditions. The high moisture treatment delayed significant use of water from 183- and 274-cm water tables until late in the season, when irrigations were discontinued and the upper soil profile dried.

Key Words: Lysimeters • Capillary zone salinity • Monthly distribution

1 Contribution from the Soil and Water Conservation Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, in cooperation with the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas A&M University.

2 Research Soil Scientists and Agricultural Research Technician, USDA, Weslaco, Texas, respectively.

Received for publication August 28, 1968.




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Copyright © 1969 by the American Society of Agronomy.