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Weed Control and Plant Residue Maintenance with Various Tillage Treatments in a Winter Wheat-Fallow Rotation¹

Late spring tillage gave the most effective weed control in a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-fallow rotation. Downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.) populations in winter wheat on May 1 following plow, one-way, and sweep plow fallow treatments were 11, 22, and 24 plants per square meter, respectively. Tillages only in July or August with the sweep plow or one-way did not effectively control downy brome in the subsequent wheat crop. Yields of winter wheat were highest on the mold-board plow plots followed by one-way and sweep plow plots tilled in July and again in April. July tillages with the sweep plow or one-way resulted in the lowest winter wheat yields. During the fallow year, weed control in June was best on moldboard-plowed plots followed by May tillages with the sweep plow and the one-way. Quantities of plant residues on the soil surface prior to seeding winter wheat on sweep plow, one-way, and plot treatments were 896, 728, and 54 kg/ha, respectively.

Key Words: Downy brome • Winter annual grasses • Stubble mulch farming • Weed control

² Associate Professor, Scotts Bluff Station, Mitchell, Nebraska 69357; Soil Scientist, U. S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, Soil & Water Conservation Research Division, Morris, Minnesota; and Professor, Department of Agronomy, Lincoln, Nebraska.

Received for publication July 24, 1968.

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