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Long-Term Fertility Requirements of Coastal Bermuda. II. Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Lime¹

Data are presented on the effect of N, P and L variables applied over a 14-year period on growth and chemical composition of coastal bermudagrass grown on a Eustis sand. N response was around 45 kg of hay per kg of N for rates up to 224 kg/ha with recovery of applied N in the range of 75 to 90%. Yield response flattened off rapidly beyond the 224 kg rate and N recovery declined rapidly beyond this point. The continued application of higher rates of N, 448 and 672 kg, produced a strongly acid reaction in the soil profile throughout the 30 to 240 cm zone, and this appears to have contributed to the relatively poor response at these levels of applied N. The application of only 1120 kg/ha of dolomitic limestone after 11 years of crop removal on an unlimed treatment produced an immediate and rather dramatic yield response. This appeared to be related to Mg supply. Around 25 ppm of soluble P in the plow layer appeared to be adequate, with critical level of P in the plant between 0.11 and 0.14% and optimum between 0.15 and 0.20%.

Key Words: Cynodon • N recovery • Protein • Acidification • Ex Ca and Mg • Soluble P

² Professor of Soil Science, North Carolina State University at Raleigh. The author wishes to express appreciation to J. R. Piland and his staff for the plant analyses, to the staff of the Soil Testing Laboratory, North Carolina Department of Agriculture for the soil analyses, and to D. D. Mason and L. A. Nelson for the statistical treatment of the data.

Received for publication July 18, 1968.

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