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Influence of Gas Mixtures on Cell Division and Root Elongation of Broad Bean, Vicia faba L.¹

Roots were grown in airtight chambers in an intermittent nutrient solution mist. Various gaseous mixtures were used to determine the effects of short-term aeration deficiencies on cell division and root growth. Following treatments of 4 to 94 hours, the roots were aerated with air for 5 days. Root tip samples were prepared for microscopic examination at several times during and after treatment.

Oxygen levels of I to 10% without CO₂ reduced the rate of cell division as much as 80% at the end of a 94- hour treatment; however, cell division resumed rapidly after treatment. Nitrogen reduced cell division in secondary roots within 15 minutes, stopped all division within 94 hours, and frequently killed primary root tips. After being returned to air, the rate of cell division in the old secondary root system was approximately 70% of normal within 48 hours, but few new roots developed. Mixtures of gases containing 1 to 10% O2 plus enough CO₂ to equal 91% killed part of the secondary root system but rarely killed the primary root tip. These data show that either zero 0₂ or high CO₂ for only 94 hours injures the root system of Vicia faba L. and that high CO₂ is more injurious than zero 0₂.

Key Words: drainage • aeration • oxygen dediciency • carbone dioxide excess

² Joint contribution frmn the Southern Branch, Soil and Water Conservation Research Division, ARS, USDA, and the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station. Published with the approval of the Director as Journal Paper No. 9540.

Received for publication December 21, 1967.

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