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Effect of Fertilizer Treatment and Row Spacing on Yield, Quality and Physiological Response of Safflower¹

The application of fertilizer significantly advanced safflower growth, and increased plant height, number of heads per plant, weight per hectoliter, and yield.

The row spacings tested were 15, 53 and 91 cm. Plants in 15-cm spaced rows had significantly fewer heads per plant, fewer seeds per head and less weight per 100 seeds than those produced in 53- or 91-cm spaced rows. Also, plants in 15-cm spaced rows were more advanced at the florescent stage of development and at maturity had a lower test weight per hectoliter, than those producedin 53- or 91-cm spaced rows. The yield of safflower from 15- or 53-cm spaced rows was significantly larger than the yield from 91-cm spaced rows.

Safflower in 15-cm spaced rows had significantly higher oil content and a lower iodine value than safflower grown in 53- or 91-cm spaced rows.

There was a highly significant negative correlation between oil content and seed weight and a highly significant positive correlation between oll iodine value and seed weight.

Key Words: Carthamus tinctorius L.

² Assistant Agronomist, North Central Agricultural Experiment Station, Minot, N. D.; Professor of Soils, North Dakota State University 58102; and Superintendent, North Central Agricultural Experiment Station, Minot, N. D. 58701.

Received for publication September 5, 1967.