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Vernonia anthelmintica: A Potential Seed Oil Source of Epoxy Acid. I. Phenology of Seed Yield¹

Vernonia anthelmintica (L.) Willd. was investigated as a potential seed oil source of epoxy acid. During the period 1963 to 66, phenological studies were conducted at Glenn Dale, Md. Fruit development stages of plants were identified quantitatively and related to seed yield. For highest seed yields, the optimum harvest period was found to be Sept. 15 to Oct. 1, with seeds planted May 1 to 18. Highest seed yields approached 1 metric ton/ha. Post-frost harvests resulted in reduced yields.

Photoperiod influenced the time at which flowering occurred. Short days promoted flowering, but highest yields resulted from an intermediate photoperiod of 14 hours at planting with a reduced photoperiod after the first flowers began to develop.

Key Words: development stages • photo-period • planting dates • harvesting dates

² Research Plant Physiologist, U.S. Plant Introduction Station, Glenn Dale, Md. 20769. The author gratefully acknowledges the assistance of E. J. Koch, Biometrical Services, ARS, USDA.

Received for publication June 22, 1967.