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WASTE MANAGEMENT

Three Experimental Systems to Evaluate Phosphorus Supply from Enhanced Granulated Manure Ash

^a V.G. James Research & Extension Center, 207 Research Station Rd., Plymouth, NC 27962
^b Dep. of Soil Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Box 7619, Raleigh, NC 27695-7619
^c Mountain Horticultural Crops Research & Extension Center, 455 Research Dr., Mills River, NC 28759
^d Linville River Nursery, NC Forest Service, 6321 Linville Falls Hwy., Newland, NC 28657. Received 14 Nov. 2008

^* Corresponding author (carl_crozier{at}ncsu.edu).

Three experimental systems were used to evaluate a new P fertilizer since residual P levels at typical farm sites may make response detection unlikely. The systems were (i) greenhouse with low P soil, (ii) long-term research sites with preexisting soil P gradients, and (iii) agricultural fields with prior P fertilization based on agronomic recommendations. The new fertilizer (animal waste by-product, AWP: 5% N, 28% P₂O₅, 4% K₂O, and 1% S) is an enhanced granulated manure ash. Corn (Zea mays L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] growth, P uptake, and residual soil Mehlich-3 P were measured with agronomic rates of AWP or triple superphosphate (TSP). Greenhouse corn and wheat P uptake, and soil Mehlich-3 P increased similarly with either fertilizer at rates equivalent to 0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 kg P ha^–1. In long-term research sites, grain yield increased with P fertilization in 8 of 12 tests, and was greater with TSP than with AWP in 3 of 12 tests. Plant P uptake increased in all 12 tests, and was greater with TSP in 1 of 12 tests. In previously fertilized agricultural fields, soil Mehlich-3 P, but not yield, increased due to P fertilization. Fertilizer source differences were infrequent and relatively minor, but possibly due to lower water soluble P content of the AWP (70% versus 78% for TSP). Evaluation of such products requires an appropriate experimental system with low P soils that may be difficult to find on typical North Carolina farms.

Abbreviations: AWP, animal waste by-product • TSP, triple superphosphate

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Received for publication November 14, 2008.