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MODELING

Simulating Switchgrass Growth and Development under Potential and Water-Limiting Conditions

^a Dep. of Agronomy and Horticulture, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583-0915
^b School of Natural Resources, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583-0728
^c USDA-ARS, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583-0937

^* Corresponding author (patricio.grassini{at}huskers.unl.edu).

Anticipating a demand for switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) as a source for biofuel production, a crop simulation model of this crop can be a component of a biofuel decision support system. The objective of this effort was to develop and test a model for switchgrass, based on robust empirical relationships between plant behavior and the environment. The model simulates date of annual growth initiation (AGI), anthesis, aboveground biomass, leaf area index (LAI), and water balance components with a daily time step for crops grown under potential and water- limiting conditions. Daily weather data (solar radiation, maximum and minimum temperature, and rainfall), soil available water-holding capacity (AWHC), and the fraction of AWHC at the date of AGI (FAWHC-AGI) are required inputs. Two cultivar-specific parameters, the maximum rate of development at the optimum temperature (R_max) and maximum LAI (MAXLAI), synthesize differences in development and growth between cultivars. Tested against 10 independent data sets, the model generated good predictions of date of anthesis (root mean square error [RMSE] = 3 d) and aboveground biomass (RMSE = 1.5 Mg ha^–1).

Abbreviations: AGI, annual growth initiation • AWHC, soil available water-holding capacity • ds, crop developmental stage, FAWHC, fraction of soil available water-holding capacity • LAI, leaf area index • MAXLAI, cultivar-specific maximum leaf area index • PARINT, intercepted photosynthetically active radiation • r, daily developmental rate • R_max, cultivar-specific maximum developmental rate at the optimum temperature • RMSE, root mean square error • RUE, radiation use efficiency for aboveground biomass

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Received for publication November 20, 2008.